{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "cwes": [
          {
            "cweId": "CWE-506",
            "description": "The product contains code that appears to be malicious in nature.",
            "name": "Embedded Malicious Code"
          }
        ],
        "indicators": {
          "evidence_files": [
            {
              "path": "ext/perp_funding_rates/extconf.rb",
              "sha256": "10218e975f54a4f11fe3954e1b584a5f05054003bf5773c3c2b8cceaa74ba763",
              "tlsh": "9751775acf8359e55aa1c0c045798012faa3ab0a50646875f3ee0868ff59b26c0f12fe"
            }
          ]
        },
        "source": "https://github.com/ossf/malicious-packages/blob/main/osv/malicious/rubygems/perp-funding-rates/MAL-2026-17793.json"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "perp-funding-rates",
        "purl": "pkg:gem/perp-funding-rates"
      },
      "versions": [
        "0.9.1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "credits": [
    {
      "contact": [
        "inspector-research@amazon.com"
      ],
      "name": "Amazon Inspector",
      "type": "FINDER"
    },
    {
      "contact": [
        "https://github.com/ossf/package-analysis",
        "https://openssf.slack.com/channels/package_analysis"
      ],
      "name": "OpenSSF: Package Analysis",
      "type": "FINDER"
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "malicious-packages-origins": [
      {
        "id": "IN-MAL-2026-021364",
        "import_time": "2026-10-11T14:17:59.524867754Z",
        "modified_time": "2026-10-11T13:48:06Z",
        "sha256": "123418539e0264e9d58c8b51976723aff3eceec10520c231d7bc847edd51d691",
        "source": "amazon-inspector",
        "versions": [
          "0.9.1"
        ]
      },
      {
        "import_time": "2026-10-13T23:14:40.397545496Z",
        "modified_time": "2026-10-11T07:05:31Z",
        "sha256": "0ce92e6f21307b92f509ec9ac926330b908f989a4fef9078a51f3557790c8167",
        "source": "ossf-package-analysis",
        "versions": [
          "0.9.1"
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "details": "\n---\n_-= Per source details. Do not edit below this line.=-_\n\n## Source: amazon-inspector (123418539e0264e9d58c8b51976723aff3eceec10520c231d7bc847edd51d691)\nThe gem's native-extension script ext/perp_funding_rates/extconf.rb contains no real build logic: it declares create_makefile('bitcoin_rpc_lite_native') but ships no C/C++/Rust sources, and the gemspec/library name (perp-funding-rates / PerpFundingRates) does not match the README (bitcoin-rpc-lite) — the extension exists solely to execute code at install time. During `gem install`, extconf.rb base64-decodes a Ruby payload and eval()s it inside a double-forked, detached, delayed child process. The decoded payload opens a TCP socket to the hardcoded bare-IP C2 at 45.138.12.177:8089 and bridges it to /bin/sh, giving the operator an interactive shell on the installer's machine. Execution is gated by sandbox/CI/user/path/uptime heuristics and only triggers when developer-signal files such as ~/.ssh, ~/.gem/credentials, ~/.gitconfig, ~/.npmrc, or ~/.bundle are present on the host, targeting developer workstations and build systems. The base64+eval obfuscation, 20-40 minute sleep before dial-out, double-fork detachment, and cloned-identity cover story are consistent with a targeted developer-compromise dropper, not a legitimate native build.\n\n## Source: ossf-package-analysis (0ce92e6f21307b92f509ec9ac926330b908f989a4fef9078a51f3557790c8167)\nThe OpenSSF Package Analysis project identified 'perp-funding-rates' @ 0.9.1 (rubygems) as malicious.\n\nIt is considered malicious because:\n\n- The package executes one or more commands associated with malicious behavior.\n",
  "id": "MAL-2026-17793",
  "modified": "2026-10-13T23:30:05.053752931Z",
  "published": "2026-10-11T07:05:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/perp-funding-rates/versions/0.9.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.9.0",
  "summary": "Malicious code in perp-funding-rates (RubyGems)"
}